What is the method of distinguishing the positive and negative poles of the chip capacitors?

Chip capacitors include medium and high voltage chip capacitors and ordinary chip capacitors. The series voltages are 6.3V, 10V, 16V, 25V, 50V, 100V, 200V, 500V, 1000V, 2000V, 3000V, 4000V. The size of the chip capacitors is expressed as: There are two types, one is expressed in inches and the other is expressed in millimeters. The models of the chip capacitor series are 0201, 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1812, 2010, 2225, etc. SMD capacitor materials are generally divided into three types, NPO, X7R, Y5V NPO. This material has the most stable electrical properties, and it hardly changes with changes in temperature, voltage and time. It is suitable for low-loss, high-frequency circuits that require stability. 








The difference between the positive and negative poles of the chip capacitors:
One is a common tantalum capacitor, which is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the end marked with "-" is positive;
There is also a silver surface-mount capacitor, which I think should be aluminum electrolytic. The upper part is round and the lower part is square, which is very common on the optical drive circuit board. This kind of chip capacitor is negative at the end marked with "-". Light-emitting diodes: the colors are red, yellow, green, and blue, and the brightness is divided into three levels: normal brightness, high brightness, and super bright. There are three types of commonly used packaging forms: 0805, 1206, 1210

Diodes: According to the limit of the current, the package types are roughly divided into two types, the small current type (such as 1N4148) is packaged as 1206, and the high current type (such as IN4007) has no specific package type, and only the specific size can be given: 5.5 X 3 X 0.5

capacitance:
It can be divided into two types: non-polar and polar:
The following two types of packages of non-polar capacitors are the most common, namely 0805 and 0603; polar capacitors are what we usually call electrolytic capacitors. Generally, the aluminum electrolytic capacitors we usually use the most are aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The temperature stability and accuracy are not very high, and the chip components are required to have high temperature stability because they are close to the circuit board.